Animals´ omnipresence in human society makes them both close to and yetremarkably distant from humans. Human and animal lives have always beenentangled, but the way we see and practice the relationships between humansand animals – as close, intertwined, or clearly separate – varies from time totime and between cultures, societies, and even situations.By putting these complex relationships in focus, this anthology investigatesthe ways in which human society deals with its co-existence with animals.The volume was produced within the frame of the interdisciplinary “AnimalTurn”-research group which during eight months in 2013–2014 was hostedby the Pufendorf Institute for Advanced Studies, Lund university, Sweden.Along with invited scholars and artists, members of this group contributewith different perspectives on the complexities and critical issues evokedwhen the human-animal relationship is in focus.The anthology covers a wide range of topics: From discussions on new disciplinarypaths and theoretical perspectives, empirical case-studies, and artisticwork, towards more explicitly critical approaches to issues of animal welfare.Phenomena such as vegansexuality, anthropomorphism, wildlife crimes,and the death of honey-bees are being discussed. How we gain knowledge ofother species and creatures is one important issue in focus. What does, forexample, the notion of wonderment play in this production of knowledge?How were species classified in pre-Christian Europe? How is the relationshipbetween domesticated and farmed animals and humans practiced and understood?How is it portrayed in literature, or in contemporary social media?Many animals are key actors in these discussions, such as dogs, cows, bees,horses, pigeons, the brown bear, just to mention a few, as well as some creaturesmore difficult to classify as either humans or animals. All of these playa part in the questions that is at the core of the investigations carried outin this volume: How to produce knowledge that creates possibilities for anethically and environmentally sustainable future.