Classic work, were the glory of the French historian, first translated into Russian edition yazyk.Pervoe work devoted to the history of the Mediterranean in the second half of the XVI century (but far beyond the chronological and geographical scope), appeared in 1949. It drew the attention of the generalization of experience several generations of historians from different countries, including a groundbreaking study of the school of 'Annals,' as well as the originality of the historical method Braudel. He coined the concept of historic periods of long duration, structures and conjunctures, against the background of dealing with specific events, 'the dust of everyday life.' Pioneer was also a holistic approach to the study of the whole region, which was at that time for the Europeans the focus of the world, in its entirety, with going beyond the usual political framework and historical stereotypes, and most importantly, in the interaction with the natural environment.